English Conversation Questions

Business & Marketing

Advertising

Vox
IKEA has mastered the “Gruen effect.”
Researchers estimate that 50 percent of purchases are unplanned. These purchases, especially impulse

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buys, present an opportunity for retailers who can entice consumers to deviate from their shopping lists.

One of the most effective ways to influence this is through a store’s architecture. In the 20th century, the architect Victor Gruen, who pioneered the first American shopping malls, used light and space to dramatically stage goods in storefront windows. His designs were meant to capture the attention of passersby — and convert them into customers. This conversion became known as the “Gruen effect.”

Watch the video above to learn how Ikea has mastered the Gruen effect with a carefully designed store layout that gets customers to travel further distances… and buy more.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Home | Shopping
Vox

It’s not all about the nude selfies.

Keywords: Advertising | Celebrities
It’s 2 a.m., primetime television is long since over, but you can’t sleep. So you turn on the tube. You’re flipping through the channels and the only thing you see are those weird 30-minute commercials for things you probably

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don’t need, but kind of want now. What’s behind this world of too-good-to-be-true products, zany commercials and enthusiastic salespeople? You, my friend, have just entered the world of infomercials—where professional pitchmen like Anthony Sullivan are king. Get the inside scoop on that “as seen on TV” magic.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Marketing | Shopping | Television
YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California. The service was created by three former PayPal employees — Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.

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YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users. It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos. Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos. Most of the content on YouTube is uploaded by individuals, but media corporations including CBS, the BBC, Vevo, and Hulu offer some of their material via YouTube as part of the YouTube partnership program.

YouTube earns advertising revenue from Google AdSense, a program that targets ads according to site content and audience. The vast majority of its videos are free to view, but there are exceptions, including subscription-based premium channels, film rentals, as well as YouTube Red, a subscription service offering ad-free access to the website and access to exclusive content made in partnership with existing users. As of February 2017, there are more than 400 hours of content uploaded to YouTube each minute, and one billion hours of content are watched on YouTube every day.

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Vox

It’s not just your Google keywords anymore. Advertisers are developing ads to target consumers based on the emojis they use.

Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Advertising | Personality
Vox
For a thrifty shopper, a “Buy one, get one” (BOGO) deal can sound like the best way to get more bang for their buck. But the appeal of BOGO is why it’s hard for consumers to see it for what it is.

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BOGO is meant to get you to spend more money, not less. The deal disguises the fact that, unless you already intended to buy two items, it really isn’t all that big a discount.

The Goods by Vox explains what we buy, why we buy it, and why it matters.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Deception | Prices | Shopping
Almost 80% of the textbook industry is dominated by 5 publishing companies. They use restrictive codes and re-publish new versions of textbooks every 2 to 3 years. Due to these tactics, textbook costs overall have

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risen 67% from 2008 to 2018.

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Keywords: Books | Prices | University

Companies

Most companies operate on a set of policies: mandated vacation days, travel guidelines, standard work hours, annual goals. But what happens when a company looks less to control and more to trust? Patty McCord, the iconic

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former chief talent officer at Netflix, shares the key insights that led her to toss the handbook out the window.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Colleagues | Companies | Work

Why do people succeed? Is it because they’re smart, or are they just lucky? Analyst Richard St. John condenses years of interviews into an unmissable 3-minute presentation on the real secrets of success.

Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Secrets | Success
Amazon pays nothing in federal taxes. Here’s how they do it! The world was shocked when it heard that Amazon, one of the largest companies in the world, paid $0 in taxes. So how did they do it? And perhaps more importantly,

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how come only Amazon paid $0, while other giants like Apple and Google paid (at least some) taxes?

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Companies | Laws | Taxes
Learn the techniques and tricks that pyramid schemes use to recruit new members and how to avoid being fooled yourself.

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In 2004, a nutrition company offered a life-changing opportunity to earn a full-time income for part-time work. There were only two steps to get started: purchase a $500 kit and recruit two more members. By 2013, the company was making $200 million. There was just one problem — the vast majority of members earned less than they paid in. Stacie Bosley explains what a pyramid scheme is and how to spot one.

Lesson by Stacie Bosley, directed by Wooden Plane Productions.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Fraud
We’re often encouraged to think that the secret to starting is a business is to have a bold and entirely original idea. But the suggestion here is that all we really need is to LOVE something a little more than most other people

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do: that will be enough to help us stand out from the competition.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Hobbies
Joshua Marin is a third-generation cobbler, born and raised in Chicago’s North Side. While he inherited the old-school trade from his father and grandfather, the 20-year-old is putting his own fresh spin on shoe repair. At his

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Fix Your Kicks stores, Marin lovingly restores sneakers—primarily Air Jordans—to their former glory. Today, he’s a respected business owner, embraced by the community for his high-quality work.

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Category:  Art | Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Shoes
It is a paradox. Creativity has never been so essential for the distinctive character of business. However, being able to apply a creative approach practically does not seem to be much done yet. We all recognize those

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brainstorming sessions, where we now have to think a “real out of the box”. Difficult and not practical. The key to achieving this is doubt. Question everything …

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Category:  Art | Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Creativity
Like anyone who runs a startup, Hillary Yip spends a lot of time developing investor pitch decks, executing marketing plans and conferring with customers. But she has to do all of this after she finishes her homework. She is

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just 14 years old, after all. Yip, who lives in Hong Kong, is the founder and CEO of Minor Mynas, a language learning app for kids. Yip got the idea for the company after she learned how to speak Mandarin at summer camp. We scheduled a meeting with the busy entrepreneur to find out what it’s like to be a boss.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Teenagers | Youth
Why are all the gas stations, cafes and restaurants in one crowded spot? As two competitive cousins vie for ice-cream-selling domination on one small beach, discover how game theory and the Nash Equilibrium inform

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these retail hotspots.

Lesson by Jac de Haan, animation by Luke Rowsell.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Business | Competition | Shopping

Economy

Money laundering is the term for any process that “cleans” illegally obtained funds of their “dirty” criminal origins, allowing them to be used within the legal economy. And the practice is about as old as money itself. But how

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does it actually work? Delena D. Spann describes the ins and outs of money laundering.

Lesson by Delena D. Spann, animation by Juan M. Urbina.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Laws | Money
Why are there stocks at all?
Everyday in the news we hear about the stock exchange, stocks and money moving around the globe. Still,

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a lot of people don’t have an idea why we have stock markets at all, because the topic is usually very dry. We made a short video about the basics of the stock exchanges. With robots. Robots are kewl!

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Globalization | Money
Let’s set the scene: you’ve just discovered your pup chewed away at your entire life savings. Or, last month’s rent was suddenly burned to a crisp after being left in the oven. Bizarre mistakes happen, but

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what can you do? Submit a claim over to the U.S. Department of Treasury where Eric Walsh, assistant manager of the Mutilated Currency Division, will examine and reimburse you for your damaged stacks. Cheers!

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Disaster | Money
Imagine you’re on a game show and you can choose between two prizes: a diamond … or a bottle of water. It’s an easy choice – the diamonds are more valuable. But if given the same choice when you were dehydrated in the

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desert, after wandering for days, would you choose differently? Why? Aren’t diamonds still more valuable? Akshita Agarwal explains the paradox of value.

Lesson by Akshita Agarwal, animation by Qa’ed Mai.

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Keywords: Jewelry | Prices
During the 1600’s, the exotic tulip became a nationwide sensation; some single bulbs even sold for ten times the yearly salary of a skilled craftsman. Suddenly, though, the demand completely plummeted, leaving the tulip

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market in a depression. What happened? Prateek Singh explains the peak of a business cycle, commonly referred to as a mania.

Lesson by Prateek Singh, animation by Simon Ampel.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Bubbles | Economy
The value of money is determined by how much (or how little) of it is in circulation. But who makes that decision, and how does their choice affect the economy at large? Doug Levinson takes a trip into the United States Federal Reserve, examining how the people who work there aim to balance the value of the dollar to prevent inflation or deflation.

Lesson by Doug Levinson, animation by Qa’ed Mai.[/show_more]
Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Economy | Government | Money
Josh Luber is a “sneakerhead,” a collector of rare or limited sneakers. With their insatiable appetite for exclusive sneakers, these tastemakers drive marketing and create hype for the brands they love, specifically Nike,

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which absolutely dominates the multi-billion dollar secondary market for sneakers. Luber’s company, Campless, collects data about this market and analyzes it for collectors and investors. In this talk, he takes us on a journey into this complicated, unregulated market and imagines how it could be a model for a stock market for commerce.

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Category:  Art | Business & Marketing
Keywords: Marketing | Shoes

Jobs & Office

Nilofer Merchant suggests a small idea that just might have a big impact on your life and health: Next time you have a one-on-one meeting, make it into a “walking meeting” — and let ideas flow while you walk and talk.

Keywords: Health | Meetings | Walking
Making toast doesn’t sound very complicated — until someone asks you to draw the process, step by step. Tom Wujec loves asking people and teams to draw how they make toast, because the process reveals unexpected

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truths about how we can solve our biggest, most complicated problems at work. Learn how to run this exercise yourself, and hear Wujec’s surprising insights from watching thousands of people draw toast.

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Keywords: Companies | Team work
Finding a job used to start with submitting your résumé to a million listings and never hearing back from most of them. But more and more companies are using tech-forward methods to identify candidates. If AI is the

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future of hiring, what does that mean for you? Technologist Priyanka Jain gives a look at this new hiring landscape.

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Brent is at pains to make the best possible impression on Karen, whom he interviews to be his new secretary. Memorable clip from Series 1 of smash hit sitcom The Office.

Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Job interview | Workplace
Vox
If you work in an office, there’s a good chance it’s an open one. How did we get here? And why is it so bad?
Open offices have been around a surprisingly long time. But they’re relatively misunderstood for their

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role in workplace culture. Where did open offices and cubicles come from, and are they really what we want?

This episode of Overrated explores the history, including Frank Lloyd Wright, Herman Miller, and other key figures in the office design movement. Our workplaces haven’t always been this way — this is how we got here.

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Category:  Art | Business & Marketing
Keywords: Jobs | Workplace
Many of us want a job that is ‘creative’, but the reality of the jobs market can seriously challenge our hopes. Why are there not more creative positions? What do we really want when we use this word ‘creative’? Using this

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film to understand the economy in greater depth can help us see our options and understand our pains.

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Category:  Business & Marketing
Keywords: Creativity | Jobs

Vocabulary:
cove
secluded
float
shore
anchor
lighthouse
greenhouse
handsaw
hammer
power tool
nail
board (noun)
ton
land sick
biomass
canoe
paddle
real estate
prosper
fulfilled

Expressions:
subsistence living
hon

Vocabulary:
word
word
word
word
word
word
word
word
word

Expressions:
expression
expression
expression
expression

Vocabulary:
prestigious
involuntary
swindler
fraudulence
unwarranted
concern
unfounded
impostor
syndrome
faculty
pervasive
prevalent
disproportionately
underrepresented
downplay
abnormality
self-esteem
spiral
accolade
threshold
susceptible
voice (verb)
peer
dismiss
excel
ease
mentor
competence
banish
frank

Expressions:
nagging doubt
shake a feeling
put something to rest
surefire way

Vocabulary:
filmmaker
principle
handcuff
clown
distill
underdog
aspect
familiar
unfamiliar
chopsticks
keyboard
organic
grounded
clarity
stuntman
steady
gag
perfectionist
rhythm
distinct
continuity
elbow
bunch
flail around
unlike
invincible
impressive
humanize
asset
payoff
relentlessness
finale

Expressions:
kick ass
going above and beyond
get smacked in the face
sell a joke

Vocabulary:
explosion
smoke (noun)
engine
unique
pilot
route
unemotional
terror
instant
reach out (to someone)
postpone
urgency
purpose
regret
humanity
ego
reflect
eliminate
frame (verb)
artistic
talent
bawl
miracle

Expressions:
bucket list
brace for impact
mend fences
make sense
connecting dots